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In the context of global timber shortages, bamboo has the characteristics of simple reproduction, rapid growth, early maturity, and high yield. Moreover, once afforestation is successful, it can be harvested annually for sustainable use without damaging the ecological environment. Bamboo materials have straight textures, elegant colors, and tough raw materials, possessing many benefits of hard broadleaf materials, making them ideal for producing furniture, flooring, and various components. Pure bamboo furniture is not only practical but also aesthetically pleasing, offering a return to nature's comfort and a sense of traditional Chinese cultural essence. Currently, some manufacturers, integrating features of Chinese culture, have launched innovative bamboo furniture, carving out a new niche in the international market.
Quality is the core of the product. Due to the different production methods and technological standards of various enterprises, some problems have been exposed in the production of bamboo board furniture. What is outstanding is that bamboo board furniture is easy to suffer from insects, frogs and mildew, and also has a brief onset of water absorption, dry cracking and degumming deformation. How to deal with these problems is the concern of enterprises all over. Based on years of research and production practice, this paper discusses the quality problems in the production of bamboo laminated furniture.
1 Characteristics of bamboo board (bamboo glulam)
Characteristics of 1.1 bamboo board
The diameter of bamboo board is small, the wall book is hollow, and the sharpness is large, and its structural composition is very different from wood. The strength and density of bamboo are higher than that of ordinary wood, and the strength of bamboo board products is greater than that of ordinary wood products. Bamboo products are smaller than wood products when used as structural materials. The bamboo plate has a straight texture, a cool and self-slippery texture, a concise color, and is easy to be bleached, dyed and carbonized. It can be compared with some broadleaf materials to the United States. Bamboo board, bamboo flooring can replace the precious broad leaf wood, in furniture, jewelry and interior decoration and other areas have a broad application prospect.
1.2 excellent mechanical and physical and chemical functions
As a new type of furniture substrate, bamboo board adheres to the characteristics of good physical and mechanical functions and low shortening rate of bamboo. It has the original characteristics of large width, small deformation, standard stability, high strength, good rigidity, wear resistance and the like. It can be processed by sawing, planing, sharpening, rod opening, drilling, sanding, assembly and surface decoration. Due to the bamboo integrated timber production after a certain hydrothermal treatment, the product is closed, can effectively avoid the worm frog and mildew. Bamboo laminated material adopts modified UF resin glue, which is lower than free formaldehyde of man-made board and has good environmental protection. Table 1 is a comparison of mechanical functions between bamboo panels and several commonly used woods.

The slicing of bamboo skin is similar to the slicing of wood skin. It is a bamboo skin that is plowed from bamboo laminated material by a slicer, and the thickness is generally 0.6mm. After hot pressing, the bamboo skin can be pasted on the artificial board as a new type of furniture artificial board with texture. Generally, it can be used as a laminate and panel of furniture.
The surface of bamboo laminated wood has natural fine and straight texture, bamboo joints are scattered and arranged, and the edge of the board has the natural texture of bamboo board. In addition, the decorative effect is also different due to the different structures. In this respect, the wood-based boards used for furniture are quite different. As the wood-based boards used for furniture need not only finishing, but also wrapping decoration, while the edge of bamboo laminated board can only be milled. Compared with general solid wood, the mechanical strength of bamboo glulam is relatively large, and the dry shrinkage coefficient is small. Table 1 shows the comparison of the mechanical strength of bamboo glulam with oak and Korean pine.
Comparison of Mechanical Strength of Bamboo Board with Oak and Korean Pine

Characteristics of 1.1 Bamboo Glulam Furniture
1.1.1 shape concise, light, beautiful
Compared with wood furniture, because bamboo has a strong physical and mechanical function, so under the equal bearing mechanical strength, the new bamboo laminated furniture components can meet the strength requirements with a smaller standard. The overall shape of the furniture is lighter, which can better reflect the rigidity of bamboo and the aesthetics of force. The new bamboo integrated furniture is elegant in shape, concise and bright in shape, and the lines are stretched and circulated. Can finish the modular combination and extension of furniture; The overall planning advocates the natural, simple and environmentally friendly characteristics of furniture; Seek the diversification of furniture functions to satisfy people's comfortable needs with the greatest limit; After a variety of materials and rich color changes, it is diversified in style to satisfy the needs of customers at different levels; the new bamboo integrated furniture planning can be integrated with architectural planning and interior planning, and has the function of carrying space integration.
1.1.2 The process is simple and easy to complete industrialization.
New bamboo integrated furniture, breaking the traditional process, the end of industrial production. Because the raw material of bamboo glulam is relatively uniform and easy to process, when using electric tools such as saws, the saw can move smoothly and has less wear on the tool. To this end, the use of bamboo integrated material development can be disassembled furniture, not only in the planning, production, storage, transportation, sales equipment and other aspects of the interests of many habits of modern large-scale industrial production, but also from the perspective of ecological planning, it also has an important meaning to environmental protection, with traditional frame furniture is difficult to compare the interests.

1.1.3 The material is environmentally friendly and has the characteristics of "green products"
UF resin glue with low free formaldehyde content or non-toxic special glue is the first choice for the production of bamboo board laminated materials. Compared with the traditional glue for wood-based panels, the glue for bamboo board laminated materials pays more attention to environmental protection. The health and environmental protection function of the progress of bamboo products: it is required that the free formaldehyde of synthetic resin used in the production of bamboo products should reach the requirements of international standards. Formaldehyde emission of bamboo board integrated timber.
Comparison of Free Formaldehyde Emission between Bamboo Panel and Wood-based Panel
Material free formaldehyde emission (mg/L)
Bamboo Glulam (1) 0.8 Reaches E1 Standard
Bamboo glulam (2) 0.7 reaches E1 standard
3.2 of blockboard reaches E2 standard
Plywood 3.6 arrives at E2 standard
1), bamboo grain is clear and beautiful bamboo glued wood surface has natural fine and straight texture, bamboo scattered, very beautiful.
carbonization flat pressure carbonization lateral pressure energizing lateral pressure energizing lateral pressure zebra pattern
2), good physical function
Bamboo board as a new type of furniture substrate adhere to the bamboo physical and mechanical function, the characteristics of low shortening rate. Due to the good sealing property of the products at the place where the bamboo glulam is produced, it can effectively avoid moth and mildew.
The mechanical strength of bamboo board is relatively large compared with general solid wood, and the dry shrinkage coefficient is small. Table 1 shows the comparison of the mechanical strength of bamboo integrated wood with oak and Korean pine.
Mechanical function dry shrinkage coefficient (%) tensile strength (Mpa) flexural strength (Mpa) compressive strength (Mpa)
Bamboo laminated material 0.255 184.27 108.52 65.39
Oak 0.392 153.55 110.03 62.23
65.3 32.8 of Pinus koraiensis 0.459 98.1
Table 1 Comparison of mechanical strength of bamboo glulam with oak and Korean pine
The average tensile strength of bamboo is 208.2MPa, which is twice that of wood (average 107.3 MPa). The tensile strength (average value of 560 MPa) of steel is 2.5 to 3.0 times that of bamboo, but the density of steel is about 10 times that of bamboo. Therefore, according to the specific strength, bamboo is 3 to 4 times higher than steel. The compressive strength of bamboo (average 48.7MPa) is about 10% higher than that of wood (average 44.4MPa). In addition, bamboo also has good elasticity and good flexibility. The density of bamboo is below 1.0g/cm3, generally between 0.6 and 0.8g/cm3. For more information on the function of bamboo board, please contact ITU (13428593158)
2 The production process of new bamboo integrated wood furniture.
Bamboo bonded furniture can be divided into three types: one is the traditional furniture mainly tenon joint, which is similar to the traditional hardwood furniture in shape and structure. The second is a modern plate structure of bamboo laminated board furniture, which can complete the processing of standard parts. The third is to bend the furniture. On the basis of the traditional round bamboo furniture, the first is to give full play to the better flexibility of bamboo in the longitudinal direction. Bamboo integrated wood furniture can be completed industrial production and the modularization of furniture, and the overall planning advocates the characteristics of nature, simplicity and environmental protection. After the selection and modification of materials, it is diversified in style and satisfied with the needs of customers at different levels.
Production Process of 2.1 Bamboo Glulam and Furniture
2.1.1 plate, square bamboo glued lumber production process.
2.1.2 The production process of flat and bent bamboo glued lumber.
2.1.3 bamboo integrated wood furniture production process.
3 The primary technical problems and countermeasures of bamboo laminated furniture components
Anti-mildew, rot and frog treatment technology of 3.1 bamboo glulam
In order to carry out the project of "substituting bamboo for wood", it is necessary to deal with the problems of "mold, rot, frog and deformation" of bamboo. Because natural bamboo is rich in sugar, fat, protein, cellulose and lignin and other organic substances, it is easy to breed mold, mold rot, worm frog and other phenomena, and then lead to the deterioration of bamboo. Mould, rot and moth of bamboo products often constitute severe economic losses. At present, the fumigation method can only kill the eggs on the surface of bamboo, but it is difficult to kill the eggs inside. It has little effect on the nutrients and moisture in bamboo, and the effect is not ambitious. After repeated research and experiment with the enterprise, the bamboo mold rot know.
The types of bamboo mold and rot can be divided into four categories: sporadic distribution, uniform distribution, mycelium masking and growing fruiting bodies. On the basis of the above classification, it can also be subdivided into non-excretion pigment type, excretion of light pigment type, excretion of deep pigment type. The main fungi that cause bamboo mold rot are Aspergillus, Pythium, Trichoderma, Green wood and so on.
In the relative humidity of 95%, temperature 20 ℃-30 ℃, mold is very lively, fecundity is extremely strong, bamboo will attack mildew, corrosion.
In the warehouse with poor ventilation conditions, due to the continuous dispersion and volatilization of water from bamboo, the surface temperature of bamboo is high and the relative humidity is nearly full, which provides favorable conditions for sporozoite initiation hyphae. For more information on the function of bamboo board, please contact ITU (13428593158)
Our bamboo mildew, anti-corrosion, mothproof summary approach is first:
(1) Adhere to the cleanliness of the environment: the processing and storage environment and adjacent areas should avoid the existence of bamboo mildew waste, the attack of bamboo waste should be treated in time to reduce the time of air transmission of mold.
(2) Improve storage conditions: bamboo products and semi-products should be stored in a ventilated and dry place. Conditional should be equipped with ventilation and dehumidification equipment, so that the indoor relative humidity is less than 75%. Bamboo products and semi-products shall be stacked 500mm above the ground to facilitate ventilation and drying. Newly cut bamboo can be erected outdoors to reduce contact with the ground and improve ventilation.
(3) Boiling bath: for the smaller volume of bamboo and bamboo products, can be more than 70 ℃ temperature cooking bath treatment. Boiling bath can effectively reduce the soluble nutrients of bamboo breeding mold, and can kill the potential mold and eggs.
(4) Bleaching: Boiling bath will affect the color of bamboo. The bleaching treatment also has the effect of killing latent mold. 10% hydrogen peroxide can be used for bleaching treatment, the effect is excellent.
(5) Drying: The moisture content of bamboo has an important meaning of resistance to mildew, so bamboo products should be dried immediately after cooking bath, bleaching or hot dipping to prevent mold in the air from reproducing spores on the moist bamboo surface.
(6) the use of preservatives and paint: should be based on the variety and use of bamboo products. Bamboo products after drying treatment should be painted in time to prevent bamboo from absorbing moisture and turning moisture. Bamboo surface coating is not only beautiful, but also has the effect of blocking mildew and moth. Commonly used bamboo antifungal preservatives have a certain toxic or irritating odor, paint can be isolated from bamboo preservatives.

Technical Measures for Anti-Degumming and Deformation of 3.2 Bamboo Glulars
The moisture content of bamboo strips, the viscosity of rubber, the precision of the shaping die, the pressure method and the processing technology have an important influence on the bonding quality of the bamboo components, especially the bending components.
3.2.1 Moisture content and compound viscosity of bamboo strips
The moisture content of bamboo strips is one of the important factors affecting the deformation of the plate and the quality of gluing and bending. If the moisture content is too low, the gluing is not firm, the bending stress is large, the slab is brittle, and it is easy to produce waste products. If the moisture content is too high, deformation will be caused by large internal stress due to water evaporation after bending. When using low-toxic resin glue, the moisture content of bamboo strips is 6% ~ 8%. Bamboo strips should have bright surface and small roughness, so that the amount of glue used is small, the bamboo strips can be fully bonded during pressing, and the bonding strength is high. When the thickness of bamboo strips is above 15mm, the deviation shall not exceed 0.1mm of soil, and adhesive with high solid content and low water content shall be selected together.
The process of controlling the moisture content of bamboo strips and eliminating internal stress is to send the bamboo strips to the soaking tank for anti-mildew and anti-frog treatment, then orderly piled up on the bracket, sent to the carbonization kiln at 0.4 MPa-0.5MPa,130 ℃-160 ℃, carbonization treatment for 3 hours -4 hours. Make the moisture content of bamboo reach the requirements. Then carry out film selection, color matching, glue coating and blank assembly; Bamboo strips are glued into a hot press after being glued into a slab. The slab needs to be qualitatively treated at a constant temperature for 96 hours, and the subsequent processing of bamboo products can only be carried out after the internal stress is fully eliminated. The technical indexes are: water content 6%-8%, air-dry density 0.76g/cm3; Static bending strength: ≥ 98MPa when thickness ≤ 15mm; When thickness> 15mm, ≥ 90MPa; Bonding strength: ≥ 9MPa.
3.22 shaping die precision
The bending and setting process of bamboo slabs is the key to the production process of bending bamboo laminated lumber. It is necessary for the mold to cooperate finely in order to produce a strong and correctly shaped glued bending part. The material of the compression mold should be standard and stable, not easy to deform, and have a certain stiffness. It is necessary for the surface of the mold to be smooth and bright. The curve shape, curvature size and structure of the mold directly affect the quality. The greater the curvature of the bamboo product, the higher the difficulty of bending and shaping, and the greater the compression difference within the length of the whole bamboo strip. In the process of bending, pressure should be applied slowly and evenly to make the bamboo strips bear even force. During operation, accurate positioning in the lateral direction can ensure that the bent bamboo strips do not distort and tilt. Considering the elastic rehabilitation of curved bamboo integrated material, the radius of curvature should be appropriately reduced when the mold is planned and manufactured, and the radius of curvature required by the planning will be reached after the elastic rehabilitation of the bamboo strips.
3.3 pressurization method and process
The bamboo strips are softened by cooking, and are placed in the mold under pressure while hot to bend them, so that the bamboo strips can be bent into the required curve shape, and then dried and shaped or sharply cooled. It takes a long time to dry and set. With the increase of dry shrinkage, the pressurizing equipment needs to track and fasten to make the setting accurate. A certain amount of rebound will occur during the subsequent drying process, which is difficult to accurately reach the planned radius of curvature. The pressure of the pressurized bending must be satisfactory, so that the slab is close to the surface of the mold and the layers are in close contact.
Hot pressing process parameters are important factors affecting the bonding and bending of bamboo strips. The pressure should be satisfactory and the slab should be bent to the specified shape and thickness to ensure the tight bonding of each layer of veneer. Temperature and time directly affect the curing of glue. Too high temperature will degrade bamboo and reduce its mechanical function. Together, the glue layer will become brittle. Similarly, too low temperature will slow the curing speed of glue and then reduce the production efficiency, together with a brief lack of bonding strength, simple open glue and other defects.
4 Summary
The bamboo integrated wood furniture treated by the above technology has good effects of insect prevention, mildew prevention and deformation prevention. For more than a year, the relevant enterprises have used the above-mentioned technology to deal with bamboo board integrated wood furniture, and no worm, mildew and deformation have been found, which has better dealt with the old problems that have plagued the work of bamboo products for many years. With the development of science and technology, many problems in the processing technology will be able to gradually deal with, fit the requirements of green products new bamboo furniture will become a new category of furniture products.

Here, I recommend Zhejiang Anji Shuanghu Bamboo and Wood Industry Co., Ltd. to advocate green and low carbon, make full use of the rich local bamboo and wood resources, and develop and produce many exquisite bamboo boards, bamboo furniture boards, bamboo square materials, bamboo curtain boards, bamboo veneer boards, bamboo handicraft boards, bamboo round sticks, nanzhu boards, bamboo cabinet boards, heavy bamboo tiger grain boards, melamine boards, etc. Products are sold at home and abroad, by domestic and foreign customers alike.